THE PERCEPTION OF CIVILIZATION IN TANZIMAT INTELLECTUALS AND SAID HALIM PASHA

Abstract

The Ottoman Empire experienced one of its most radical changes in the 19th century. As a result of the developments experienced with the Tanzimat period, the concept of "civilization" attracted attention and became the subject of the approaches of the intellectuals of the period. The aim of this study is to consider the concept of civilization within the framework of the socioeconomic conditions in which it emerged in the historical process and to evaluate it within the framework of the views of Tanzimat intellectuals and Said Halim Pasha. For this purpose, first of all, the explanation of the concept and its development within the subject are given. Then, the handling of civilization in the thought of Tanzimat intellectuals was explained. Finally, Said Halim Pasha's approach to the concept of civilization was explained and the difference of his approach to the subject was revealed.