ORTA ÇAĞ’DA KIRGIZ ANTROPOLOJİSİNDE MEYDANA GELEN DEĞİŞİMLER

KIRGIZ ANTROPOLOJİSİ

Abstract

Kyrgyz are a Turkish tribe included in the brachycephalic group in anthropological classification. They lived together with Scythians, Huns, Gokturks and Uyghurs for many centuries. This geographical proximity made the struggle for dominance inevitable.The Kyrgyz had a power that could easily fight the Huns demographically. This caused military struggles to be very violent and destructive. It will be seen that with the collapse of the Uyghurs, Turkish domination weakened in the Yenisey-Angari and Altai-Sayan areas. Although the Kyrgyz dominated the region for a short time, military superiority would be lost with the arrival of the Mongols in the region. The Kyrgyz, who were exiled during the Huns, Gokturks and Uyghurs, would suffer even heavier blows from the Mongols. The Mongols will see the Kyrgyz as a threat due to their military power and rebellion and will exile them to the farthest regions.

They will settle them among the Mongol tribes to carry out the demographic massacre. They will continue their settlement policy for approximately four hundred and five hundred years. This will cause the Kyrgyz to suffer great losses and melt away. The Kyrgyz, who began to mix and integrate with the Mongols, will undergo ethnic assimilation for a while. During this period, there will be mixing with mongoloid groups. At the same time, some Mongol tribes will begin to join the Kyrgyz tribe union. Although physical interaction is inevitable, since this unity does not last long, the Kyrgyz will experience a superficial ethnic change during this period. The subsequent developments will give the Kyrgyz people the chance to return and settle in their lands again. The Kyrgyz will again establish their own clan unions in the Yenisei-Altay area.

It is understood that the Kyrgyz people experienced a process of ethnic integration again as they began to migrate to the Tanrıdağı region over time. The physiognomic changes experienced by the Kyrgyz people, who preserved their brachycephalic anthropometric features throughout this dynamic process, during the Middle Ages were examined. This ethnic change will be examined step by step and the processes that left their mark on the Kyrgyz people will be revealed in detail in our research.